The planet Saturn is composed of hydrogen, with small proportions of helium and trace elements.^[10] The interior consists of a small core of rock and ice, surrounded by a thick layer of metallic hydrogen and a gaseous outer layer. The outer atmosphere is generally bland in appearance, although long-lived features can appear. Wind speeds on Saturn can reach 1,800 km/h, significantly faster than those on Jupiter. Saturn has a planetary magnetic field intermediate in strength between that of Earth and the more powerful field around Jupiter.

Saturn the second most massive planet, and the most distant planet known to the ancients, is one of the most beautiful sites in the Solar System. It is impossible for us now to know at what time the heathen mythology began; but it is certain, from the internal evidence that it carries, that it did not begin in the same state of condition in which it ended. All the gods of that mythology, except Saturn, were of modern invention.Astronomers have spotted 12 tiny new moons circling Saturn. The observations could help scientists understand how such satellites become snagged by gas giants. A team of astronomers from the University of Hawaii and the Carnegie Institute of Washington first spotted the dozen using the Subaru telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii on 12 December 2004. Their observations were part of a broader hunt for irregular moons so called because their orbit is far from circular or highly inclined with respect to their planet’s equatorial plane. In 1772, the famous mathematician, Joseph Louis Lagrange, discovered that, in a system which consists of a satellite in orbit around a larger body, there are five positions at which a third body can also maintain an orbit. These positions are now called Lagrange points after him.Saturn has a similar nature as Jupiter, it is a giant ball of liquid hydrogen. Astronomers saw through a telescope and Saturn appeared as a coulered ball with darker belts and lighter zones which follow a similar pattern to those of Jupiter. The rotation periods of Saturn Equatorial Region has an average of plus/minus 10h. 14 minutes. Saturn is soo far from the sun that its atmosphere is of course colder than the one of Jupiter. The temperature above the clouds is minus 170 degrees compared to those of Jupiter being minus 120 degrees. The atmosphere is almost similar comprising mainly Hydrogen- Helium and also Methane and Ammonia are present. Titan, one of the largest moons of Saturn with a diameter of 5800 Km was discovered in 1655 by Christiaan Huygens who realized that Saturn is in fact surrounded by a bright ring, the large ring of Saturn.